1)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，也可以說過去的時(shí)間關(guān)于過去的動(dòng)作。即“過去的過去”�？梢杂胋y, before等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過去的動(dòng)作來表示，還可能通過上下文來表示。

例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9點(diǎn)鐘，我們已經(jīng)收到200 張飛船發(fā)來的圖片。

2)表示由過去的某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for, since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語連用。

例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.

當(dāng)車來的時(shí)候，我在車站已等了20分鐘。 　　　He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他說自從1949年以來他就在那家工廠工作。

3)一般說來，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語。與過去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：

( 1 ) by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

( 2 ) by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

( 3 ) before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

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